PhilPapers Survey 2020

r: -0.38	Meta-ethics: moral realism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	41
Reject	629	222

n: 901

p < 0.0001

r: 0.26	Meaning of life: nonexistent
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	24	24
Reject	138	574

n: 760

p < 0.0001

r: -0.26	Aesthetic value: objective
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	43
Reject	422	354

n: 826

p < 0.0001

r: 0.25	Practical reason: Humean
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	11
Reject	195	409

n: 643

p < 0.0001

r: 0.25	Free will: no free will
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	21	32
Reject	85	762

n: 900

p < 0.0001

r: -0.25	Moral judgment: cognitivism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	24	25
Reject	646	186

n: 881

p < 0.0001

r: 0.23	Consciousness: eliminativism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	36
Reject	27	628

n: 698

p < 0.0001

r: 0.23	Well-being: hedonism/experientialism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	11	27
Reject	90	558

n: 686

p < 0.0001

r: 0.21	Metaontology: deflationary realism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	12	16
Reject	136	338

n: 502

p < 0.0001

r: -0.21	Well-being: objective list
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	25
Reject	407	242

n: 687

p < 0.0001

r: 0.21	Metaphilosophy: naturalism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	33	9
Reject	395	336

n: 773

p < 0.0001

r: -0.2	Metaontology: heavyweight realism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	19
Reject	227	248

n: 503

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Knowledge: empiricism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	33	11
Reject	378	318

n: 740

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Properties: classes
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	5	29
Reject	51	465

n: 550

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	External world: skepticism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	41
Reject	45	811

n: 906

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Experience machine: yes
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	18	35
Reject	99	712

n: 864

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Mind: physicalism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	35	15
Reject	452	359

n: 861

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Law: legal positivism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	19	8
Reject	172	270

n: 469

p: 0.0002

r: 0.17	Laws of nature: Humean
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	23	25
Reject	228	541

n: 817

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Well-being: desire satisfaction
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	14	24
Reject	120	530

n: 688

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	Philosophical methods: intuition-based philosophy
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	18	33
Reject	477	368

n: 896

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Cosmological fine-tuning: no fine-tuning
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	14	26
Reject	128	424

n: 592

p < 0.0001

r: 0.15	Footbridge: push
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	22	22
Reject	200	603

n: 847

p < 0.0001

r: 0.15	Grounds of intentionality: interpretational
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	22
Reject	65	410

n: 507

p: 0.0006

r: 0.15	Gender categories: eliminate
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	16	24
Reject	107	551

n: 698

p < 0.0001

r: 0.15	Philosophical knowledge: none
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	5	40
Reject	24	715

n: 784

p < 0.0001

r: -0.15	External world: non-skeptical realism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	33	16
Reject	755	99

n: 903

p < 0.0001

r: 0.14	Belief or credence: credence
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	18	15
Reject	186	352

n: 571

p: 0.0006

r: -0.14	Principle of sufficient reason: true
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	30
Reject	243	414

n: 700

p: 0.0003

r: -0.14	Practical reason: Aristotelian
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	5	34
Reject	257	346

n: 642

p: 0.0005

r: 0.13	External world: idealism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	6	44
Reject	49	807

n: 906

p < 0.0001

r: 0.13	True contradictions: actual
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	5	37
Reject	82	560

n: 684

p: 0.0005

r: -0.13	A priori knowledge: yes
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	38	14
Reject	677	183

n: 912

p < 0.0001

r: -0.13	Consciousness: dualism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	34
Reject	176	480

n: 699

p: 0.0007

r: 0.13	Normative ethics: consequentialism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	22	19
Reject	290	508

n: 839

p: 0.0003

r: -0.12	Philosophical methods: conceptual analysis
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	30	21
Reject	634	211

n: 896

p: 0.0003

r: 0.12	Philosophical methods: experimental philosophy
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	26
Reject	277	568

n: 896

p: 0.0003

r: 0.12	Analysis of knowledge: no analysis
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	23
Reject	236	473

n: 752

p: 0.001

r: 0.12	Response to external-world skepticism: abductive
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	15	23
Reject	156	480

n: 674

p: 0.0024

r: 0.12	Propositions: sets
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	28
Reject	50	477

n: 562

p: 0.0057

r: -0.12	True contradictions: impossible
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	33	9
Reject	498	144

n: 684

p: 0.0023

r: 0.12	Units of selection: genes
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	26	7
Reject	204	207

n: 444

p: 0.0147

r: 0.12	Consciousness: identity theory
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	33
Reject	96	560

n: 699

p: 0.0023

r: -0.11	Arguments for theism: cosmological
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	8	25
Reject	166	469

n: 668

p: 0.003

r: 0.11	Gender: unreal
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	36
Reject	32	679

n: 754

p: 0.0017

r: 0.11	Abortion: permissible
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	38	5
Reject	638	135

n: 816

p: 0.0012

r: 0.11	Mind uploading: survival
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	17	23
Reject	196	479

n: 715

p: 0.0026

r: -0.11	Hard problem of consciousness: yes
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	17
Reject	460	236

n: 741

p: 0.0035

r: 0.11	Response to external-world skepticism: contextualist
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	6	30
Reject	75	560

n: 671

p: 0.0056

r: 0.1	Other minds: future AI systems
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	24	21
Reject	301	448

n: 794

p: 0.004

r: -0.1	Abstract objects: Platonism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	16	28
Reject	351	410

n: 805

p: 0.005

r: 0.1	Vagueness: semantic
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	36	10
Reject	389	331

n: 766

p: 0.007

r: 0.1	Chinese room: understands
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	31
Reject	131	552

n: 723

p: 0.0089

r: 0.1	Perceptual experience: qualia theory
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	11	30
Reject	100	521

n: 662

p: 0.0123

r: -0.1	Method in political philosophy: ideal theory
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	18
Reject	190	348

n: 565

p: 0.0214

r: -0.09	Logic: classical
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	16
Reject	420	214

n: 675

p: 0.015

r: -0.09	Normative ethics: deontology
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	31
Reject	315	485

n: 841

p: 0.0075

r: -0.09	Moral principles: moral generalism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	17
Reject	417	290

n: 744

p: 0.0123

r: 0.09	Temporal ontology: eternalism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	22	14
Reject	212	291

n: 539

p: 0.0353

r: -0.09	Time: A-theory
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	30
Reject	178	369

n: 584

p: 0.0292

r: -0.09	Analysis of knowledge: other analysis
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	33
Reject	250	460

n: 753

p: 0.0151

r: 0.09	Theory of reference: deflationary
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	24
Reject	100	475

n: 608

p: 0.0307

r: 0.09	Personal identity: biological view
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	30
Reject	179	529

n: 751

p: 0.0173

r: -0.09	Science: scientific realism
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	38	10
Reject	662	148

n: 858

p: 0.0115

r: 0.09	Values in science: necessarily value-free
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	14	28
Reject	128	536

n: 706

p: 0.0232

r: -0.08	Theory of reference: causal
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	21
Reject	308	273

n: 615

p: 0.0394

r: -0.08	Philosophical methods: linguistic philosophy
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	31
Reject	414	431

n: 896

p: 0.0169

r: 0.08	Response to external-world skepticism: pragmatic
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	30
Reject	153	490

n: 680

p: 0.0388

r: -0.08	Vagueness: metaphysical
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	5	41
Reject	162	552

n: 760

p: 0.0322

r: -0.08	Philosophical knowledge: a lot
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	23	22
Reject	453	288

n: 786

p: 0.032

r: 0.08	Meaning of life: subjective
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	21	27
Reject	260	460

n: 768

p: 0.0355

r: -0.08	Other minds: adult humans
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	44	1
Reject	741	8

n: 794

p: 0.0331

r: -0.07	Aim of philosophy: goodness/justice
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	6	37
Reject	220	571

n: 834

p: 0.0332

r: 0.07	Race: biological
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	17	25
Reject	153	618

n: 813

p: 0.0377

r: 0.07	Philosophical methods: empirical philosophy
Morality: error theory	Accept	Reject
Accept	36	15
Reject	542	303

n: 896

p: 0.0341

r: 0.17	Philosopher: Hume
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	17	25
Reject	105	570

n: 717

p < 0.0001

r: 0.13	Region of PhD: Oceania
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	8	32
Reject	28	621

n: 689

p: 0.0006

r: -0.1	Philosopher: Aristotle
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	5	37
Reject	137	538

n: 717

p: 0.0071

r: 0.1	Region of nationality: Oceania
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	8	45
Reject	43	796

n: 892

p: 0.0027

r: -0.1	AOS: Normative Ethics
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	8	44
Reject	215	669

n: 936

p: 0.0025

r: 0.09	AOS: Philosophy of Language
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	15	37
Reject	156	728

n: 936

p: 0.006

r: 0.08	AOS: Philosophy of Physical Science
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	5	47
Reject	27	857

n: 936

p: 0.0098

r: -0.07	AOS: Meta-Ethics
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	12	40
Reject	139	745

n: 936

p: 0.0218

r: 0.07	Philosopher: Quine
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	7	35
Reject	62	613

n: 717

p: 0.0461

r: -0.07	Region of nationality: United States
Morality: error theory	Yes	No
Accept	24	29
Reject	474	365

n: 892

p: 0.0452

Survey Results

Correlations

Strongest correlations with philosophical questions

Strongest correlations with demographic questions